Computer

Application - computer software that is designed for a specific type of activity.

Assistant - Perhaps you are already familiar with this. The assistant appears in the form of a dopey dog or a bouncing ball etc that mostly appears on the right hand side of the screen. Its task is to try to guess what you may need help with. Based on your actions. As you type it will provide relevant help topics. It cannot read your mind and this is where you come in and learn their language of command.

Bookmark - A saved link to a web address, also called a hot list entry or favourite place

Boot - To boot your computer means to start it up. To give the computer more space for memory.

Browser - A piece of software that finds and displays web pages and other documents stored on the Internet. A program used to connect to sites on the World Wide Web.

Byte - Generally a text character is defined by eight bits, which are equal to one byte. A kilobyte is actually 1024 bytes, while a megabyte is equal to 1024 Kilobytes.

CD ROM – A compact disc read only memory, which is a disk similar to and audio cd that stores information data that can only be read.

Channel - A web page set up for continuous updating.

Click - To click the mouse button then releasing it.

Client - A program such as a web browser that connects to a centralized server program and obtains information from it.

Client Server model – A methods of sharing computer and network resources by centralizing some functions with a server and allowing individual clients to connect to the server to perform those functions.

Cookies - They are bits of data that web sites put on computers so they can track what people do on line You can use your browser to delete cookies from kids hard disk.

CPU - Central processing unit. Is the main microprocessor or the electronic brain inside the computer?

Crash - A failure of computer software or hardware, which freezes the computer.

Cursor - The arrow on a monitor that indicates where on the screen you are working.

Customize -

Ø Word 2000 creates a bunch of customized documents. One primary letter for each person in your database (as in the address book).

Ø To send the same letter to more than one person only the names and addresses will change.

Data - A source and piece of information.

Database - An organized store of information.

Data source – A document that contains a list of information

Desktop - The main interface of the operating system that is shown on the screen of your computer after it has started up and before any programs are running

Desktop Publishing – Creates magazines, newspapers or any other printed material using a desktop computer and page layout software.

Detailed Area – The main body of a form and will contain all of the fields required, lines, texts and text boxes.

Dialler - Software that connects your computer to an Internet service provider.

DTP - Desktop Publishing.

Digital - Any device that utilizes binary code. All computers are digital.

Disk Drive – The device that holds, reads and writes on to a disk such as a floppy or zip disks.

Downloading - Means copying files from the Internet to your computer hard disk.

Drag - To click on something and move it to a new place, while holding down the mouse button.

Drop Down List – This list displays a set of choices

DVD - A digital versatile disk, a disk that looks much like a CD-ROM but can hold seven times more information.

Edit - A time saving feature that helps you with text in a document service available such as delete, documents, spelling and grammar.

Email - Electronic mail that allows you to send messages to other people and organisations are on the Internet or linked to your computer on a network.

Fax Modem – A device that allows you to connect your computer to other computers via the phone lines as well as to send and receive faxes.

Field Properties - This area will allow you to set up field rules and formats. The options may change depending upon the data type you selected for a field.

Field Size – This allows us to set the size of a field. It will fill a fixed space on the disk. It is wise to have a minimum size set to each field.

Field Format - This section appears instead of the field size when you have selected a date or numerical data type. The Field format will display the date or number in a specific format.

Field Caption – This controls the field name in a form or report. The actual field is called Name, however the caption may display a label reading Members Name in the forms and report areas

Files - A block of information on a hard disk or a floppy disk. Information like word processing a document stored on the floppy or the hard disk and they are referred as files.

Filter - A special effect that can be applied to a graphics image, such as texture. Usually found in Paint such as Adobe Photoshop.

Floppy Disk - A portable data storage disk. Floppies hold about 1.4MB of data and so are only really useful for storing text files.

Folder - A storage place for computer files. Folders can store anything from applications to your personal work.

Font - Different kind of letters in the alphabet that your can use and change to any size and shape.

Footer - This area will be displayed at the bottom of each form view. It will generally contain specific text, borders or fields.

Format - This makes the appearance of your document and carries a variety of Fonts, Styles, Colour, working with Spacing, margins and creating columns.

FTP - File Transfer Protocol, also used to describe Internet public file archive sites (FTP sites)

Hacking - Is when someone illegally and for the purposes of influencing and controlling another computer system.

Hard Copy – The output of computer information as a copy on paper.

Hard Disk – A computer main storage disk, which holds the operating system and application files.

Hardware – The equipment that makes up a computer disk drives, processor, monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer etc.

Header

Ø (The Form Header) - This is the area to be displayed at the top on the form view. It generally contains a heading of what the form is about

Ø (The Page Header) – This area will be displayed at the top of each printed page.

Home page – The central document or default start-up page of a World Wide Web or individual page.

HTML - The hypertext mark up language. The language consisting mainly of formatting tags, used to describe a document for the World Wide Web, including both structural formatting and hyperlinks.

: -) Smiling : -D laughing : -O shocked or surprised : -(Sad ; -) Winking

; – P poking out your tongue

; – * Kiss

Icons - A small graphic displayed on the computer screen, which represents a command or file.

Image map – An image that connects to different URL’s depending on which part of the image is clicked.

Import – To put a file you saved and bring back to continue your task.

Index - This will sort automatically in ascending order by this field. It can slow the data entry process, as it will sort itself whilst you are entering the data.

Integration - The convergence of two technologies into one such as the mythical convergence of TV and computers.

Internet - A collection of networks and computers all over the world all of which share information or at least email, using agreed upon Internet protocols. An international network of millions of university, government, commercial and private Computers

Internet importance – Why is the Internet important to the future of Kids.

a) Research / homework

b) Staying in the touch with anyone, everyone all around the globe.

c) All visual information on bobbies and sports

d) Downloading files playing music TV, games and surfing along the three WWW.

Intranet - Is the small versions of the Internet, usually operating within a corporation. The technology of the Internet on a smaller scale.

IP - Internet Protocol

IRC - Internet Relay cat (this needs a special software)

Java - A computer language designed to extend the capabilities of the Web, and that it can only present information in predefined formats, mostly Text, picture and simple animation.

Justification - To justify means to line up evenly.

Link - A specially designed word or image that when clicked takes a wet browser to a new page or other destination an embedded web address.

Manipulate - users on the Internet can easily manage, influence or change cleverly and unfairly for their own purpose and advantage. So take extra care as well as good people you will also find bad. Special care with images and graphics software packages.

Modem - The box that connects your computer to a normal phone line.

Mouse - The computer tool that you hold you hold and click leading you to actions and commands.

Multimedia - The incorporation of many different media often including text, pictures, sounds, video, animation and so on.

Netscape Navigator – The Web Browser

Net - A loosely defined term meant to suggest the loose association of all or most computers on the planet. This term generally refers to a more inclusive set of linked networks than just the Internet but it also corresponds roughly to the Internet.

Net casting – Publishing Web content on a continuous basis to subscribed viewers also called web casting and push.

Option Button – This marks a black dot that appears in its centre. Only one option button in a group can be marked. They are sometimes referred to as the Radio Buttons

Page - On the World Wide Web, an HTML document.

PC - The personal computer used widely by the computer industry to refer to IBM computers.

Pixel - A single dot on a computer screen.

Port - A connector part to the computer that allows your to connect a device such as a printer, a digital camera microphone etc.

Portal - A major Web site that large numbers of visitors use as a starting point on the web

Punctuation - The practice of inserting marks into your text.

ROM - A read only memory instructions stored for a period of time until such time that the computers is turned off. That is why you must save important documents to floppy disk at the end of the day saving your work on an external disk

Safety/awareness – Personal details are those about your name, address and phone numbers.

Save/ Save As – When saving a file or document it will automatically enter the report title name as the file name. If you use the save function, but want to be more specific about the file name then you must use Save As. You can save web pages as files and store them on your hard drive or /and can be printed

Scroll Bars – This allows you to browse through a document an Are located on the right side of your window.

Search engines – Allows uses to search for files and pages on the Internet entering keyboards that are run against a database.

There are three different types of search engines: -

Ø Standard Search Engines uses a combination off commands established by the user, which searches to find World Wide Web documents from the database.

Ø Search Engines, This growth has led to the development of Meta search tools that are often referred to as, threaded search engines. These allow the user to search multiple databases simultaneously, via a single interface.

SubjectGuides, The subject guides are organized indexes of subjects category that allow the Web searcher to browse through lists of web sites by the subjects. They are compiled and maintained by people and many include a search engine for searching their own database

Server - A piece of software or a machine that acts as a centralized source of information or computing resources such as web sites, gopher menus, FTP archives and so on that are available to clients.

Site -

Ø A location on the Internet, often the host of one or more severs, or a set of related web pages.

Ø Publishing a Web site for computer users to seat the quickest way possible. Choosing the web server from the list and copy, you need to install it first using the Internet tools and choosing the Web Publishing Wizard. A web site is a collection of related documents.

Shareware - Is soft ware that is offered to users on a trial basis on the condition that, if it is regularly used, a payment is then made to own.

Software - A series of instructions that comes on a CD to tell the computer how to do things and how to install new programs

Table – To create a table in your Web page insert the table button you will find this on the Standard Toolbar follow instructions as in a Word Document, existing tables are known as Nested tables.

Tabs - A tab contains a separate set of options to bring a tab to the front just click it.

Task Pane – This gives you an option that you can select to perform ordinary Tasks e.g. opening a document.

TCP / IP - Transmission control Protocol

Text Box - A text box is a box in which you can type text, and can be replaced by dragging over it.

Theme - To add or change a theme as in background colours you might need to move up to the Web tools toolbar then the web Layout view comes handy so have some fun use all of the tools available.

Upload - When you send a copy of a file from another computer.

URL - Universal as in Web Addresses.

Virus - A small program that is designed to spread ( like when someone in the family gets the flu everyone gets the flu)Some viruses are harmless and very annoying but there ore others that can cause serious damage to the contents of a computer.

Viewing - Viewing a Web page is important, you will read it the same way as the person receiving it.

Web - In Word 2000 creating a web page is easy you can use the web page Wizard, or the Web Templates to create pages fast. The web is just one part of the Internet; it displays information on the Internet. You access information using a special program called Web Browser the information on the Web is displayed on pages. The web is the most commonly used. The pages are written HTML protocol a system by which documents are linked.

Web browser – This is software that allows your computer to display Web pages. It is usually used when the computer is connected to the Internet.

Window - A screen within your computer display that displays information from a particular program or function. It enables you to have different programs files or documents on the display at the same time.

Word Processing – The word processing program produces efficiency and processional looking document such as letters, reports, essays and newsletters

WWW - The World Wide Web developed to make the Internet easier to navigate the Web, combines text with graphics, animation and many more.

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That New Computer Smell

If you are like most people when they go out and buy a new Personal Computer you probably get excited when you take it out of the box, turn it on and marvel at how fast it runs. When a computer is new it always seems to run faster and boot up quicker than your old computer. The applications and games seem to run without any slow down and when you get on the internet the pages load instantly on the screen, and you can quickly surf from one website to another. Overtime though, your computer can slow down and not run as quickly as it did when it was new.

This slow down can occur for a variety of reasons and when it happens it can be frustrating and spoil your computing experience. Often times when this happens it can be corrected by either cleaning up your hard drive, or running some diagnostics. Perhaps the computer has a virus and once you remove the virus, performance can be restored. What do you do though if you have done all those things and your computer is still running slow?

If your computer is running slow even after you have removed any viruses and attempted to improve system performance, it could mean that the demands you are now placing on your computer have exceeded the computer’s capability.

As we use our computers we tend to install new software applications and attempt to run more applications simultaneously. The new software we install can require greater computer resources such as more computer memory and a faster CPU, or central processing unit to run the software applications or games properly.

If you are like me you like to have multiple software applications running or multiple internet browser windows open at the same time and that can utilize greater amounts of computer resources as well. The more resources you use, the slower the computer will run.

This is a constant problem in computing because computer technology doubles roughly every 18 months. In a demand for more feature rich software applications, software developers create more resource consuming software programs. To meet the increased demands of the software, computer manufacturers continue to build faster, more expensive computers. This, in my opinion, is a vicious cycle where in order to maintain a fast and enjoyable computing experience, the computer user is forced to go out and buy a new computer every few years.

Fortunately for me I have never had to worry about that problem. I am a certified computer professional and have been building and repairing computers for over 15 years. When I want a faster computer I do not go out and buy a new expensive computer. I have learned how to break the new computer buying cycle by upgrading my computer. By upgrading my computer rather than buying new, I can simply make myself a faster computer at a fraction of the cost.

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You can break the computer buying cycle too and you do not have to be a computer professional like me to do it. You only need to know a few things about computers, be handy with a screw driver and be able to follow a few simple instructions; but before you begin to think about upgrading your computer, it might be important to get a brief overview on how a computer works.

Computer Basics

Computers are made up of a combination of hardware and software working together. When you aren’t familiar with how a computer functions then they can seem very complex. You can reduce that complexity, once you understand how a computer works at a basic level.

At its most basic level a computer receives input and produces output. A computer receives input through input devices such as the keyboard and mouse (hardware). Every time we click the mouse on a link or move the mouse across the screen we are giving the computer input or an instruction to do something.

The computer receives the input as an electronic signal created by the mouse click or keystroke on the keyboard. This signal is transmitted through the computer and is converted into digital data where it can be interpreted as an instruction by the operating system, software application or game.(software)

The computer processes digital instruction data and produces output as either an image or words on the computer screen or perhaps as a printout on a printer.

What makes a computer fast is its ability to receive input, and produce output quickly. There are several components a computer needs in order to function but there are three primary components that directly affect how fast a computer can operate.

The three primary computer components which handle the processing of input and make a computer fast are the:

  • Motherboard or Main System board
  • CPU or Central Processing Unit
  • RAM or Random Access Memory

The Motherboard

Without getting too technical, the Motherboard is the computer component that connects all the hardware together on the computer. You could think of the Motherboard as a data freeway that links together all the components of the computer and allows them to transmit data between each other and and communicate.

Every computer component on the computer connects to the Motherboard either by being connected directly to the Motherboard or connecting via a data cable. The devices or components that connect to the Motherboard are the CPU, RAM Memory, Hard Drive, CD ROM/DVD drive, Video Card, Sound Card, Network Card, Modem, Key Board, Mouse and Monitor.

There are additional peripheral devices which can connect to the Motherboard as well through a variety of data ports which are connected to the Motherboard such as a printer, digital camera, microphone, and even a HDTV. These devices can connect to the Motherboard using one of several ports such as a USB, Parallel, Fire-Wire, SATA (Serial-ATA), or HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface) port.

In short the Motherboard provided the data communication infrastructure which allows communication between all the devices. What makes one Motherboard faster than another is the volume of data it can support being transmitted across what is called it’s data BUS and the speed at which it can transmit the data. One way to think of it is in terms of a street. Think of the data bus as a street and the data are like cars driving down the street. Older Motherboards communication was the equivalent of a two way two lane street with a speed limit of 25 MPH. Today the new Motherboards are like 8 lane highways with 200MPH speed limits.

New Motherboards are faster because they can allow more data traffic at higher speeds.

The CPU

The CPU or Processor is the brain of the computer. The CPU carries out all the instructions that you in conjunction with the Operating System, like Windows XP or Windows 7, asks it to do. CPUs can only carry out one instruction at a time but they do it so fast it seems like they are doing multiple tasks at one time or “Multitasking”.

Newer CPUs are faster because their “clock speed” or “clock cycle” is faster. The clock speed is the speed at which a CPU can carry out instructions. You can think of clock speed like the timing of a metronome, the device that helps musicians keep the right musical time. A metronome has a hand on the front of it which swings back and forth at a timing interval you set. As it swings back and forth it ticks like a clock. Like the metronome the CPU also ticks at a set interval but a CPU ticks at an incredibly fast rate which is measured in Mega or Gigahertz. The CPU carries out an instruction on every tick of its clock cycle.

New CPUs can not only carry out instructions at very high clock speeds but they can also be made up of multiple CPU Cores. Each Core can carry out its own instructions. When you have a Dual Core CPU it can carry out two instructions at the same time and a Quad Core CPU can carry out four. There are even six Core CPUs out now and like the newer Motherboards these CPUs also have a larger Data BUS to send and receive data faster through the Motherboard enhancing the computers overall performance.

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Computer Repair Maryland : Computer Umbrella Inc. is a computer services and consulting company, serving commercial and residential clients throughout Sterling Northern Virginia, Maryland and Washington D.C.